Nationalism
Nationalism: critical analysis of the ideology that affirms the nation as central political category.
Nationalism affirms the nation as central political category. Benedict Anderson (Imagined Communities, 1983) and Ernest Gellner analyzed it as modern construction. The liberal-republican tradition distinguishes civic nationalism (based on voluntary constitutional belonging) from ethnic-cultural nationalism (based on heritage, risk of exclusion). The 20th century showed its destructive consequences; the 21st raises how to combine collective identity with cosmopolitan openness.
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